Safetensors

Architecture

All four models use the same BananaMind 2.0-derived decoder-only language-model architecture and exactly the same physical parameters. The experiment changes only which physical decoder layers are reused during a forward pass and, for Partial HQ, the training dataset.

Property Value
Total trainable parameters 1,480,516
Transformer core parameters, including token embedding 980,547 (66.23%)
Three physical decoder blocks alone 718,275 (48.52%)
Parameters per physical decoder block 239,425
Causal trigram embedding module 499,969 (33.77%)
Vocabulary 2,048 tokens
Tokenizer BananaMind 2 Micro
Hidden width 128
MLP intermediate width 384
Physical decoder layers 3
Query heads 4
Key/value heads 1
Attention head dimension 32
Context length 3,072 tokens
RoPE theta 100,000
N-gram hash buckets 3,906
Refresh convolution Kernel 9, causal depthwise

Models

Short name Architecture execution Training dataset
Partial HQ L1 -> L2 -> L2 -> L3 epfml/FineWeb-HQ
No-loop Edu L1 -> L2 -> L3 HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
Partial Edu L1 -> L2 -> L2 -> L3 HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu
All-looped Edu L1 -> L2 -> L3 -> L1 -> L2 -> L3 HuggingFaceFW/fineweb-edu

Primary comparison

The public multiple-choice values below are acc_norm. ARC mean is the mean of ARC-Easy and ARC-Challenge before chance normalization.

Metric Partial HQ No-loop Edu Partial Edu All-looped Edu
Base Bench 1.1 overall Elo 889 884 885 875
Base Bench raw accuracy 35.43% 33.71% 34.57% 33.14%
Base Bench weighted accuracy 34.14% 33.57% 33.65% 32.54%
ARC-Easy acc_norm 29.50% 30.35% 29.50% 30.98%
ARC-Challenge acc_norm 22.18% 22.10% 22.53% 21.33%
ARC mean acc_norm 25.84% 26.22% 26.01% 26.15%
PIQA acc_norm 53.65% 52.56% 54.30% 52.45%
HellaSwag acc_norm 27.04% 26.93% 27.04% 27.28%
ArithMark-3 acc_norm 28.10% 30.80% 33.00% 30.40%
Intelligence Index 3.79 3.93 5.37 3.88

Raw public-benchmark accuracy

Metric Partial HQ No-loop Edu Partial Edu All-looped Edu
ARC-Easy acc 28.62% 30.01% 29.00% 29.92%
ARC-Challenge acc 18.86% 17.75% 17.49% 16.89%
PIQA acc 53.75% 54.08% 55.50% 54.46%
HellaSwag acc 26.89% 26.53% 26.80% 26.94%
ArithMark-3 acc 27.90% 30.30% 33.00% 29.80%

Chance-normalized components

For a benchmark score s and random-chance score c:

N(s, c) = 100 * (s - c) / (100 - c)

The Intelligence Index is:

(HellaSwag + ARC + PIQA + 0.65 * ArithMark-3) / 3.65

Normalized component Partial HQ No-loop Edu Partial Edu All-looped Edu
HellaSwag, chance 25% 2.72 2.57 2.72 3.03
ARC mean, chance 25% 1.13 1.63 1.35 1.54
PIQA, chance 50% 7.29 5.11 8.60 4.90
ArithMark-3, chance 25% 4.13 7.73 10.67 7.20
Intelligence Index 3.79 3.93 5.37 3.88

Base Bench 1.1 category Elo

Category Partial HQ No-loop Edu Partial Edu All-looped Edu
Language completion 827 850 864 817
Commonsense 921 843 831 877
World knowledge 842 852 892 820
Context tracking 846 862 879 862
Quantitative 852 815 806 815
Logical reasoning 990 1010 965 975
Code completion 957 964 970 972

Base Bench 1.1 category raw accuracy

Each category contains 50 examples.

Category Partial HQ No-loop Edu Partial Edu All-looped Edu
Language completion 40% (20/50) 44% (22/50) 46% (23/50) 38% (19/50)
Commonsense 46% (23/50) 34% (17/50) 34% (17/50) 40% (20/50)
World knowledge 36% (18/50) 34% (17/50) 40% (20/50) 32% (16/50)
Context tracking 32% (16/50) 34% (17/50) 36% (18/50) 34% (17/50)
Quantitative 28% (14/50) 22% (11/50) 22% (11/50) 22% (11/50)
Logical reasoning 36% (18/50) 38% (19/50) 32% (16/50) 34% (17/50)
Code completion 30% (15/50) 30% (15/50) 32% (16/50) 32% (16/50)

Base Bench 1.1 category weighted accuracy

Category Partial HQ No-loop Edu Partial Edu All-looped Edu
Language completion 39.49% 42.68% 44.59% 38.22%
Commonsense 45.43% 35.02% 33.44% 39.43%
World knowledge 34.80% 36.05% 41.38% 31.97%
Context tracking 29.94% 31.85% 34.08% 31.85%
Quantitative 24.92% 21.14% 20.19% 21.14%
Logical reasoning 35.42% 37.93% 32.29% 33.54%
Code completion 31.85% 32.80% 33.44% 33.76%
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